@article { author = {Al-Daoudi, Ghalib Ali}, title = {Duality and multiple nationality in the former Iraqi laws and currently in effect - a compared study - (second part)}, journal = {Al-rafidain of Law}, volume = {13}, number = {35}, pages = {1-22}, year = {2008}, publisher = {College Of Law-University of Mosul}, issn = {1819-1746}, eissn = {2664-2778}, doi = {10.33899/alaw.2008.160539}, abstract = {After identifying the dual and multiple nationality, their causes, their damages and ways of dealing with them and combating them internally and internationally in the general theory of nationality, it is necessary to explain the position of the Iraqi legislator of texts of the Iraqi Nationality Law No. 43 of 1963 and the Iraqi Nationality Law and Civil Information No. 46 of 1990 which is not in force and the Iraqi Transitional Administrative Law and the new Iraqi constitution for the year 2005 in three sections, we devote the first section to explain the areas in which the Iraqi legislator avoided the causes of the occurrence of double and multiple nationalities and the second section to explain the areas in which the Iraqi legislator did not avoid the causes of double nationality and the third topic to explain the Provisions of the Iraqi State Administration Law for the Transitional Period and the new Iraqi constitution for the year 2005.}, keywords = {The former Iraqi laws}, title_ar = {ازدواج وتعدد الجنسیة فی القوانین العراقیة السابقة والنافذة حالیاً -دراسة مقارنة- (الجزء الثانی)}, abstract_ar = {بعد التعرف على إزدواج و تعدد الجنسیة و أسبابهما و أضرارهما و سبل معالجتهما و مکافحتهما داخلیاً و دولیاً فی النظریة العامة للجنسیة ، لابد من بیان و شرح موقف المشرع العراقی منهما فی ثنایا نصوص قانون الجنسیة العراقیة رقم 43 لسنة 1963 و قانون الجنسیة العراقیة و المعلومات المدنیة رقم 46 لسنة 1990 غیر النافذ و قانون إدارة الدولة العراقیة للمرحلة الإنتقالیة و الدستور العراقی الجدید لسنة 2005 وذلک فی ثلاثة مباحث ، نخصص المبحث الأول لشرح المجالات التی تجنب فیها المشرع العراقی أسباب الوقوع فی إزدواج و تعدد الجنسیة ، و المبحث الثانی لشرح المجالات التی لم یتجنب فیها المشرع العراقی أسباب الوقوع فی إزدواج و تعدد الجنسیـة ، و المبحث الثالث لشرح أحکام قانون إدارة الدولة العراقیة للمرحلة الإنتقالیة و الدستور العراقی الجدید لسنة 2005 م}, keywords_ar = {القوانین العراقیة السابقة}, url = {https://alaw.mosuljournals.com/article_160539.html}, eprint = {https://alaw.mosuljournals.com/article_160539_dd535814260e391e97ad60f5a4bb2737.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdullah, Mohammed Siddeeq Mohammed and Khaled, Nawaf Hazim}, title = {Change the conditions of the statute of limitations and applicable law}, journal = {Al-rafidain of Law}, volume = {13}, number = {35}, pages = {23-40}, year = {2008}, publisher = {College Of Law-University of Mosul}, issn = {1819-1746}, eissn = {2664-2778}, doi = {10.33899/alaw.2008.160542}, abstract = {The statute of limitations is one of the reasons for the expiry of the obligation, If the period provided for by the law goes ahead without being claimed, and for the statute of limitations is of great importance in international private relations when determining the law applicable to it. In view of the difficulties involved in the process of this limitation, owing to the fact that the same statute of limitations addresses or takes into account several interests. And the laws that are disputing among themselves in order to apply to it many, the home country of the debtor, and the law of the country of implementation of the obligation. The question arises as to which of these laws is best suited to the statute of limitations.}, keywords = {The statute of limitations}, title_ar = {تغییر ظروف التقادم المسقط والقانون الواجب التطبیق}, abstract_ar = {یعد التقادم المسقط سبباً من أسباب انقضاء الالتزام، إذا مضت المدة التی ینص علیها القانون لاستحقاقه دون المطالبة به، وللتقادم المسقط أهمیة کبیرة فی العلاقات الخاصة الدولیة عند تحدید القانون الواجب التطبیق علیه، نظراً للصعوبات التی تحیط عملیة هذا التحدید ویرجع ذلک إلى أن نظام التقادم نفسه یعالج أو یراعی عدة مصالح، کما أن القوانین التی تتنازع فی الانطباق علیه کثیرة، فهناک قانون العقد، وقانون القاضی، وقانون موطن المدین، وقانون بلد تنفیذ الالتزام. فیرد التساؤل عن أی من هذه القوانین یکون الأنسب لحکم التقادم المسقط}, keywords_ar = {قانون التقادم المسقط}, url = {https://alaw.mosuljournals.com/article_160542.html}, eprint = {https://alaw.mosuljournals.com/article_160542_085e6ffd7cdaff356529b3226fb9f9c3.pdf} } @article { author = {Al Hayali, Qais Abdul Wahab}, title = {The expense of the wife between the text and the application}, journal = {Al-rafidain of Law}, volume = {13}, number = {35}, pages = {41-83}, year = {2008}, publisher = {College Of Law-University of Mosul}, issn = {1819-1746}, eissn = {2664-2778}, doi = {10.33899/alaw.2008.160540}, abstract = {The alimony is a name of spending, but in terms of terminological is what a person spends on his children, the alimony is the husband's spending on his wife from the money, food, housing, and so on, and the alimony is one of the effects of the marriage contract. The husband is obligated to spend on his wife legally, even if she is rich. The husband's duty on the wife is to spend on his wife fixed alimony as explained in the Quran and Sunnah and consensus. Many verses indicated to commit of the husband to spend on his wife as the Almighty says [Let a man of wealth spend from his wealth, and he whose provision is restricted - let him spend from what Allah has given him. Allah does not charge a soul except [according to] what He has given it. Allah will bring about, after hardship, ease] and the Almighty said ( but the father of the child shall bear the cost of the mother's food and clothing on a reasonable basis) and the Almighty said (Let the women live (in 'iddat) in the same style as ye live, according to your means). As for the Prophetic Sunnah, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said in the farewell_sermon “O people, your women have rights upon you and you owe rights upon them that they should not allow anyone other than you to sit on your furniture, let not anyone you dislike enter your houses except with your permission and not to commit the guilty of lewdness. If they do that, then Allah has permitted to forsake them in bed and to hit them but not in a harsh manner. If they desisted from that and obeyed, you have to provide for them and clothe them on a reasonable basis…”. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said to Hind the wife of Abu Sufyan (take what meets your requirements and the requirements of your child without being exploited).}, keywords = {The expense of the wife (alimony)}, title_ar = {نفقة الزوجة بین النص والتطبیق}, abstract_ar = {النفقة لغةً: اسم من الإنفاق، أما اصطلاحاً ما ینفقه الإنسان على عیاله، ونفقة الزوجة ما یفرض للزوجة على زوجها من مالٍ للطعام، والسکنى، ونحوها( )، وتعد النفقة أثراً من آثار عقد الزواج، فالزوج ملزم بالإنفاق على زوجته شرعاً، حتى وإنّ کانت موسرة، ووجوب نفقة الزوجة على زوجها ثابتة فی القرآن الکریم والسنة والإجماع والمعقول، فقد دلت آیات عدیدة على وجوب نفقة الزوجة على زوجها کقوله تعالى: [لِیُنْفِقْ ذُو سَعَةٍ مِنْ سَعَتِهِ وَمَنْ قُدِرَ عَلَیْهِ رِزْقُهُ فَلْیُنْفِقْ مِمَّا آتَاهُ اللَّهُ لا یُکَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْساً إِلاَّ مَا آتَاهَا]( )، وقوله تعالى: [وَعَلَى الْمَوْلُودِ لَهُ رِزْقُهُنَّ وَکِسْوَتُهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ]( )، وقوله تعالى [أَسْکِنُوهُنَّ مِنْ حَیْثُ سَکَنْتُمْ مِنْ وُجْدِکُمْ]( )، أما السنة النبویة، فقول الرسول () فی حجة الوداع (فاتقوا الله فی النساء فانکم أخذتموهن بأمان الله، واستحللتم فروجهن بکلمة الله، ولکم علیهن إنّ لا یوطئن فرشکم أحداً تکرهونه فإن فعلن ذلک فاضربوهن مبرح ولهن علیکم رزقهن وکسوتهن بالمعروف)( )، وقول الرسول () لهند زوجة أبی سفیان (خذی ما یکفیک وولدک بالمعروف}, keywords_ar = {نفقة الزوجة}, url = {https://alaw.mosuljournals.com/article_160540.html}, eprint = {https://alaw.mosuljournals.com/article_160540_6b0c20f76ff9af0ee909e7e74535a8cb.pdf} } @article { author = {Muhammed, khalil Ibraheem}, title = {The law applicable to the international sale contract in accordance with the 1980 Vienna Convention}, journal = {Al-rafidain of Law}, volume = {13}, number = {35}, pages = {85-125}, year = {2008}, publisher = {College Of Law-University of Mosul}, issn = {1819-1746}, eissn = {2664-2778}, doi = {10.33899/alaw.2008.160543}, abstract = {In order to unify the substantive rules of the international sales contract, considerable efforts were made by governmental and non-governmental organizations interested in the development of international trade. These efforts resulted in the adoption of the 1980 Vienna Convention on the International Sale of Goods. Among the provisions of the Convention, which were to specify the scope of their international application, they applied to international sales without the internal, the Convention has set its international standard.}, keywords = {The Contract,the sale,the international}, title_ar = {القانون الواجب التطبیق على عقد البیع الدولی وفقاً لاتفاقیة فیینا لعام 1980}, abstract_ar = {بذلت فی سبیل توحید القواعد الموضوعیة لعقد البیع الدولی جهوداً کبیرة من قبل المنظمات الحکومیة وغیر الحکومیة المهتمة بتطویر التجارة الدولیة، وأسفرت هذه الجهود عن إقرار اتفاقیة فیینا 1980م للبیع الدولی للبضائع، ومن ضمن نصوص الاتفاقیة کان النص على تحدید مجال تطبیقها الدولی، فهی تنطبق على البیوع الدولیة دون الداخلیة، وحددت الاتفاقیة معیار دولیتها}, keywords_ar = {عقد,البیع,الدولی}, url = {https://alaw.mosuljournals.com/article_160543.html}, eprint = {https://alaw.mosuljournals.com/article_160543_8c0d7a35234d30725c6861a84b5698e3.pdf} } @article { author = {Al - Bayati, Ahmed Bassel}, title = {Making external political decision in traditional political systems}, journal = {Al-rafidain of Law}, volume = {13}, number = {35}, pages = {127-145}, year = {2008}, publisher = {College Of Law-University of Mosul}, issn = {1819-1746}, eissn = {2664-2778}, doi = {10.33899/alaw.2008.160541}, abstract = {The foreign policy industry includes several processes to define the rules of dealing with international variables and the development of a program of work in the international field. Foreign policy-making is one of the most important processes of the foreign policy industry. An external political decision is intended to take the final stage in the process of external political decision-making, namely the stage of choosing the best decision. This stage is one of the most dangerous stages because it can result in positive results for the benefit of the state or negative results that harm the interests of the state. Foreign policy decisions also constitute the overall course of the foreign policy of the international community.}, keywords = {The external political decision,Traditional political systems}, title_ar = {اتخاذ القرار السیاسی الخارجی فی النظم السیاسیة التقلیدیة}, abstract_ar = {ان صناعة السیاسة الخارجیة تضم عدة عملیات لتحدید قواعد التعامل مع المتغیرات الدولیة ووضع برنامج للعمل فی المجال الدولی. وتعد عملیة صنع القرار السیاسی الخارجی من أهم العملیات التی تتضمنها صناعة السیاسة الخارجیة. ویقصد باتخاذ القرار السیاسی الخارجی المرحلة الأخیرة التی تمر بها عملیة صنع القرار السیاسی الخارجی، ای مرحلة اختیار القرار الأفضل. وتعد هذه المرحلة من أخطر المراحل، لما یمکن ان ترتبه من نتائج ایجابیة لمصلحة الدولة او نتائج سلبیة تضر بمصلحة الدولة. کما ان قرارات السیاسة الخارجیة تشکل فی محصلتها المسار العام للسیاسة الخارجیة للوحدة الدولیة}, keywords_ar = {القرار السیاسی الخارجی,النظم السیاسیة التقلیدیة}, url = {https://alaw.mosuljournals.com/article_160541.html}, eprint = {https://alaw.mosuljournals.com/article_160541_150cfcb246e66b3bf6749fa4bf85f638.pdf} } @article { author = {Al-Bayati, Sahar Mohammed Najeeb}, title = {New Trends in the Iraqi State Administration Law for the Interim Period - A Comparative Study in Iraqi Constitutions.}, journal = {Al-rafidain of Law}, volume = {13}, number = {35}, pages = {147-176}, year = {2008}, publisher = {College Of Law-University of Mosul}, issn = {1819-1746}, eissn = {2664-2778}, doi = {10.33899/alaw.2008.160544}, abstract = {With the issuance of the Iraqi State Administration Law for the Interim Period on 8/3/2004, a new phase of constitutional and political development began in Iraq. This new phase coincided with Iraq's exposure to the American-British occupation, which is the first and most effective variable in the present and future of Iraq. This law is of great importance today, because it paints the constitutional and political features of the future of Iraq and its security and stability and progress on new bases by adopting a set of values, principles, rules, sources and systems, and the relationship between the center and the regions and the position towards federalism, the issue of sectarianism, nationality, citizenship, rights of women.}, keywords = {Comparison,constitutions,Iraqi}, title_ar = {الاتجاهات الجدیدة فی قانون إدارة الدولة العراقیة للمرحلة الانتقالیة ـدراسة مقارنة فی الدساتیر العراقیة}, abstract_ar = {بصدور قانون إدارة الدولة العراقیة للمرحلة الانتقالیة فی 8/3/2004 بدأت مرحلة جدیدة من التطور الدستوری والسیاسی فی العراق ورغم تزامن هذه المرحلة الجدیدة مع وقوع العراق تحت الاحتلال الأمریکی البریطانی، الذی یشکل المتغیر الأول والأفعل فی حاضر العراق ومستقبله. فان هذا القانون یکتسب أهمیة کبیرة الیوم، لأنه یرسم الملامح الدستوریة والسیاسیة لمستقبل العراق وأمنه واستقراره وتقدمه على أسس جدیدة من خلال تبنیه مجموعة من القیم والمبادئ والقواعد والمصادر والنظم، والعلاقة بین المرکز والمناطق والموقف من الفیدرالیة، والمسألة الطائفیة، والجنسیة ، والمواطنة، وحقوق المرآة}, keywords_ar = {مقارنة,الدساتیر,العراقیةـ}, url = {https://alaw.mosuljournals.com/article_160544.html}, eprint = {https://alaw.mosuljournals.com/article_160544_b3a1783ccd32e849ba5b8bc80b478ab2.pdf} }